Search results for "Oral route"

showing 4 items of 4 documents

Synthesis and inhibitory activity of dimethylamino-chalcone derivatives on the induction of nitric oxide synthase.

2002

A series of nine dimethylamino-chalcone derivatives (1,3-diaryl-propenones) was synthesized and screened as potential inhibitors of NO and PGE(2) production in the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. 4-Dimethylamino-2',5'-dimethoxychalcone (6) was found to be the most potent and dual inhibitor (IC(50s) in the submicromolar range) of NO and PGE(2) production. 2',6'-Dimethoxylation appeared to be an effective requirement for selective and potent inhibition of nitric oxide synthase induction as it was confirmed by Western blot analysis. Chalcone (6) at 25 mg kg(-1) by oral route, inhibited significantly the formation of oedema in the carrageenan-induced model of inflammation in mice.

ChalconeAnti-Inflammatory AgentsDrug Evaluation PreclinicalAdministration OralNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIInflammationInhibitory postsynaptic potentialChemical synthesisDinoprostoneNitric oxideCell Linechemistry.chemical_compoundMiceStructure-Activity RelationshipChalconeWestern blotDrug DiscoverymedicineOral routeAnimalsEdemaPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationmedicine.diagnostic_testbiologyMacrophagesOrganic ChemistryDual inhibitorMacrophage cellGeneral MedicineMolecular biologyNitric oxide synthaseEnzymeBiochemistrychemistryEnzyme inhibitorCell cultureEnzyme Inductionbiology.proteinmedicine.symptomNitric Oxide SynthaseDimethylaminesEuropean journal of medicinal chemistry
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Intravenous Use of Methadone: Efficacy and Safety

2013

Parenteral methadone could be helpful in specific conditions, particularly in unstable conditions of when the oral route is unavailable. Intravenous methadone should be the preferred parenteral route, due to concerns about the local toxicity of subcutaneous route. This chapter assesses aspects regarding the pharmacokinetic issues, the clinical use, the problems associated with the use of intravenous methadone for chronic pain, as well as the perioperative use of intravenous methadone.

business.industryChronic painPerioperativemedicine.diseaseIntravenous usePharmacokineticsAnesthesiaToxicitymedicineOral routeCancer painbusinessMethadonemedicine.drug
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Lipid Nanoparticles as Potential Gene Therapeutic Delivery Systems for Oral Administration.

2017

Background Gene therapy has experimented an increasing attention in the last decades, due to its enormous potential applications in the medical field. It can be defined as the use of genes or genetic material (DNA, RNA, oligonucleotides) to treat or prevent a disease state, generally a geneticbased one. Application Other applications, like treating viral, bacterial or parasite infections or development of vaccines are gaining also interest. Efficient gene therapy is mainly dependent on the ability of the highly labile genetic material to reach the therapeutic target. For this purpose, different delivery systems have been designed and extensively investigated. Nanoparticles offer a broad ran…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineGenetic enhancementAdministration OralComputational biologyBiologyGene deliveryPharmacology01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencesDrug Delivery SystemsOral administration010608 biotechnologyNucleic AcidsDrug DiscoverySolid lipid nanoparticleGeneticsOral routeAnimalsHumansParasite InfectionsMolecular BiologyGeneGenetics (clinical)Drug CarriersGene Transfer TechniquesGenetic TherapyBiocompatible materialLipids030104 developmental biologyMolecular MedicineNanoparticlesCurrent gene therapy
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Preclinical models for colonic absorption, application to controlled release formulation development.

2018

Oral controlled release (CR) formulations have many benefits and have become a valuable resource for the local and systemic administration of drugs. The most important characteristic of these pharmaceutical products is that drug absorption occurs mainly in the colon. Therefore, this review analyses the physiological and physicochemical features that may affect an orally administered CR product, as well as the different strategies to develop a CR dosage form and the methods used to evaluate the formulation efficacy. The models available to study the intestinal permeability and their applicability to colonic permeability determinations are also discussed.

ColonDrug Evaluation PreclinicalPharmaceutical ScienceAdministration Oral02 engineering and technologyPharmacology030226 pharmacology & pharmacyModels BiologicalDosage form03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineOral routeAnimalsHumansIntestinal permeabilityChemistryGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymedicine.diseaseControlled releaseColonic absorptionIntestinal AbsorptionPharmaceutical PreparationsControlled-Release FormulationsDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug DesignSystemic administration0210 nano-technologyBiotechnologyEuropean journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V
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